Process of making insulators.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED M. LOCKE, OF VICTOR, NEIV YORK.

PROCESS OF MAKING ENSULATORS.

SEECIFIGATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 702,660, dated June 17,1902.

' Application filed March 12,1902. Serial No. 97,872. (No specimens.)

vT0 (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED M. LOGKE, of Victor, in the county of Ontario,in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inProcesses of Making Insulators, of which the following, taken in oonnection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

This invention relates to improvements in the art or process ofmanufacturing insulators from porcelain, earthenware, glass, or similarmaterials and the articles manufactured by such process.

My object is to produce by the process hereinafter set forth aninsulator of porcelain, earthenware, or similar material which isconstructed of shells or cup or bowl shaped pieces fused together, so asto form as near as possible a homogeneous mass.

To that end my invention consists in the several new and novel stepscomprising my process, which are hereinafter set forth, and the articlethus manufactured, as fully described in the specification following,and as clearly set forth in the claim hereto annexed, reference beingmade to the drawings, forming a part thereof, in which- Figure 1 shows avertical section of the parts forming the insulator, with glaze betweenihe parts for the purpose of fusing them together. Fig. 2 is a View ofthe completed insulator after the parts have been fused together.

The inner part or shell .9 a is formed substantially as shown in thedrawings, being provided with a recess ct, suitably threaded, or may bemade plain for the reception of the pin which supports the insulator ina position reverse from that shown in the drawings.

b is the outer shell, which is cup-shaped, the inner surface of whichconforms substantially to the outer surface of the inner shell, so thatwhen the parts are fused together they will remain about equidistantfrom each other at substantially all points. The outer shell is providedwith a wire-groove b and lugs c, by which the conductor which rests inthe groove 1) is wired or secured to the outer shell.

While in the drawings I have shown but two shells or cup-shaped pieces,yet I do not limit myself to an insulator constructed of two shells, asit will be evident that an insulator may be built up and contain as manyshells as may be desired to stand any required voltage without breakingdown.

My process is as follows: The parts a and Z) are formed separately andthen are allowed to dry in the ordinary way of drying articles made fromporcelain or similar material, either by biscuit-firing or allowing themto dry on the shelf in the factory. After they have thus become dry theyare dipped in liquid glaze, the outer shell or shells being dipped orrather withdrawn from the liquid glaze bottom side upward, so that moreor less of the liquid glaze (1 remains in the bottom of the shell. Theparts are then fitted together, as shown at Z, bottom side upward. Theseparts thus put together are packed together with other insulatorssimilarly constructed in the saggar, and thus placed in the kiln forfiring. It is a well-known fact that the glazing material fuses at amuch lower temperature than the porcelain, and as the shells ofporcelain begin to shrink and contract the inner shell begins to sinkdown into the lower shell and forces the glaze which has been left inthe bottom of the shell upward, as shown in Fig. 1, until it takes theposition as shown in Fig. 2, thereby cementing and fusing'the separateshells of the insulator together, so as to form practically but a singlepiece.

By this process I do not claim to prevent the forming of air spaces orbubbles in the layer of glaze between the shells, nor do I thinkitisnecessary to accomplish this result, for the reason that the air-spacesform quite as good a resistance as the glaze would, the only objectbeing to weld the shells forming the insulator together, so that theywill be mechanically strong.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

The process herein described of constructing insulators formed of two ormore shells of suitable insulating material consisting in forming it intwo or more parts, dipping them in liquid glaze, the outer shells beingdipped.

bottom side upward and allowing a portion In Witness whereof I havehereunto set my of the liquid glaze to remain in the outer hand this 7thday of March, 1902.

shell or shells nestin them to ether in this position with their petticoats aiipernlost and FRED LOLKE' 5 then firing them so as to fusethe parts to- -Witnesses: 7

gether so as to fOllll practically but a single M. W. BURKE,

iieee. W. C. DRYER. 1

